IN MARKETING, R = (N x I) - C

Dr Philip Humbert developed a formula that helps his clients strategize
their marketing campaigns and it works like this:

R = (N x I) – C
The amount of new Revenue (R) created by a marketing
program is a product of the Number of people (N) in your
audience, multiplied by the Impact (I) of your
presentation, minus the Cost (C) of the campaign. It’s very
simple. To increase revenue, you must either reach more
people, increase the impact of your presentation, or reduce
the cost. Here are three examples.
A radio ad in a major market might reach a million
listeners (N), but the impact (I) will be very small and
the cost (C) may be too high. Changing the ad to a radio
talk-show might still reach the same number of listeners,
but by increasing the Impact, you'll attract more business
and perhaps reduce the cost.
Similarly, a speech to a local service club might have an
audience (N) of 100 people, but if your presentation
creates enough Impact (I) and the cost of doing it is very
low, you may attract several new clients at minimal cost.
If you mail 1000 brochures, and the Impact (I) or “response
rate” is 1%, and the cost of printing and postage is ninety
cents per brochure, then the formula of R = (N x I) - C
works out to be:  Ten Clients = (1000 x 1%) - $900.
You can attract more business and increase profits by
increasing the Number of prospects, by increasing the
Impact you have on each of them, or by reducing your Costs.
Some people prefer contacting lots of people via the
Internet, while others prefer the personal contact of doing
workshops. Any method can work, but the formula remains the
same:  R = (N x I) – C.